Crop-Livestock Integration

Resources for Farmers, from Farmers

In the 2022 National Organic Research Agenda (NORA), organic farmers and ranchers across North America shared a common concern about the lack of technical assistance and educational resources available for Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems (ICLS). Crop-livestock integration is a holistic system that integrates the production of cash crops and livestock on the same piece of land or within the same farming operation. While farms implementing crop-livestock integration can lower input costs and reap many benefits, this integration can also lead to increased complexity, especially for farmers who must adhere to National Organic Program rules and regulations. At OFRF we know that farmers’ #1 source of information is other farmers. To address the call for ICLS resources, OFRF has developed a Crop-Livestock Integration series informed by interviews with highly experienced organic producers across the US whose farming operations have benefited from integrated crop and livestock production. The series includes four farmer stories, a video presentation, and factsheets on key topics, that include: The Benefits of Crop-Livestock Integration, Food Safety, Infrastructure, and Crop Rotations.

Meet the Farmers:


Local Color Farm and Fiber



Farm name: Local Color Farm and Fiber

Farmer name: Emily Tzeng

Location: Puyallup, Washington, (traditional homelands of the Puyallup Tribe)

Products: Naturally-dyed yarns and fibers, lamb, vegetables, particularly East Asian varieties

ICLS practices: Grazing cover crops, terminating crops, cleaning up field residue and weeds, on-farm compost

Years certified organic: Began transitioning in 2020, certified since 2023


Shady Side Farm



Farm name: Shady Side Farm

Farmer names: Mike and Lona Bronkema

Location: Holland, Western Michigan (traditional homelands of the Peoria Tribe, Odawa/Ottowa Indians and Tribes, and the Potawatomi)

Products: Heirloom dry beans, open pollinated corn, small grains, hay, beef and lamb

ICLS practices: Grazing & terminating cover crop, breaking up pasture for crops

Years certified organic: Since 2010


Hidden Hollow Farm



Farm name: Hidden Hollow Farm

Farmer name: Arlen Beery

Location: Dayton, Virginia, (traditional homelands of the Shawnee Tribes, Monacan Indian Nation, and the Manahoac)

Products: Dairy, eggs, vegetables, hay, corn, and some beef

ICLS practices: Grazing & terminating cover crop, breaking up pasture for crops, breaking pest cycles, clipping hay pastures, on-farm compost

Years certified organic: Began transitioning in 2003, certified since 2006


Frog Song Organics



Farm name: Frog Song Organics

Farmer name: John Bitter

Location: Eastern Alachua County, near Gainesville, Florida, (traditional homelands of the Seminole Tribes, the Republic of Timucua, the Miccosukee Tribe, and the Mascogo)

Products: Diversified mixed vegetables, flowers, herbs, pastured pork, eggs

ICLS practices: Grazing & terminating cover crop, cleaning up crop residue, breaking pest cycles

Years certified organic: Since 2012


Local Color Farm and Fiber



Farm name: Local Color Farm and Fiber

Farmer name: Emily Tzeng

Location: Puyallup, Washington, (traditional homelands of the Puyallup Tribe)

Products: Naturally-dyed yarns and fibers, lamb, vegetables, particularly East Asian varieties

ICLS practices: Grazing cover crops, terminating crops, cleaning up field residue and weeds, on-farm compost

Years certified organic: Began transitioning in 2020, certified since 2023


Shady Side Farm



Farm name: Shady Side Farm

Farmer names: Mike and Lona Bronkema

Location: Holland, Western Michigan (traditional homelands of the Peoria Tribe, Odawa/Ottowa Indians and Tribes, and the Potawatomi)

Products: Heirloom dry beans, open pollinated corn, small grains, hay, beef and lamb

ICLS practices: Grazing & terminating cover crop, breaking up pasture for crops

Years certified organic: Since 2010


Hidden Hollow Farm



Farm name: Hidden Hollow Farm

Farmer name: Arlen Beery

Location: Dayton, Virginia, (traditional homelands of the Shawnee Tribes, Monacan Indian Nation, and the Manahoac)

Products: Dairy, eggs, vegetables, hay, corn, and some beef

ICLS practices: Grazing & terminating cover crop, breaking up pasture for crops, breaking pest cycles, clipping hay pastures, on-farm compost

Years certified organic: Began transitioning in 2003, certified since 2006


Frog Song Organics



Farm name: Frog Song Organics

Farmer name: John Bitter

Location: Eastern Alachua County, near Gainesville, Florida, (traditional homelands of the Seminole Tribes, the Republic of Timucua, the Miccosukee Tribe, and the Mascogo)

Products: Diversified mixed vegetables, flowers, herbs, pastured pork, eggs

ICLS practices: Grazing & terminating cover crop, cleaning up crop residue, breaking pest cycles

Years certified organic: Since 2012

BENEFITS

Learn about the benefits of crop-livestock integration, including reduced inputs, improvements in soil tilth and health, higher nutrient densities in food and forages, pest control in crops and livestock, decreased need for mechanical cultivation, and more.

FOOD SAFETY

Food safety is a critical concern for any farmer, and those with integrated systems must take extra precautions. Learn how organic farmers identify and mitigate critical points for food safety and where you can find assistance in developing a food safety plan for your farm.

INFRASTRUCTURE

Infrastructure for integrating animal and crop systems includes animal housing, watering systems, and fencing. Learn how farmers develop infrastructure that match the type and age of animal, are highly movable, and are adapted to soil and climate conditions.

ROTATIONS

Farmers with ICLS utilize carefully-planned rotations of  crops and animals that intersect and overlap to provide benefits to soil, crop, and livestock health. Read about and see illustrations of examples of integrated crop and animal rotations developed by organic farmers.

PRESENTATION

In this presentation John Bitter, co-owner and Production Manager at Frog Song Organics, presents experiences and adaptations from over a decade of integrated crop and livestock production on this 62-acre organic farm.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

We’ve compiled additional resources on crop-livestock integration from other sources. See the list to learn more.